Volvo OV4 Gustaf Larson

VOLVO OV4

Hand scratches Gustaf Larson
Thanks to perseverance, Gustaf Larson (1924) successfully completed the Volvo OV4, OV4 derived from the word Oppen-Vagn (Swedish language), which means open-topped car. While Volvo itself is taken from the Scandinavian languages, which means "I roll".

In his first production, machine Volvi OV4 already using aluminum pistons. Not only by Gustaf OV4 have a high durability. However, while testing was in error because the system is installed upside-down teeth and cause the car to walk forward but can not walk backwards.

In the next stage, namely Volvo PV4 issued a new vehicle. With a 1944 cc engine capable of driving this car in a speed of 90 km per hour. Although a newcomer, Volvo is able to compete with older players. Through a variety of market research and development engine, Volvo PV4 OV4 and getting a place in the automotive market.And now, Volvo became the world's largest automotive industry.
(Source: Male Emporium)

Continue reading →

classic cars JAGUAR MK 4 Roadster Train

JAGUAR MK 4 Roadster Train
Sporty skill Nobility
In the automotive field, Europe is known as a producer of premium car class. One of them proved dalah England. Through its British Jaguar introduced the upscale cars. Jaguar factory founded by the British aristocracy in 1925, the goal is to satisfy the tastes of the nobility. Just as Ford, Jaguar's first output bodynya like horse-drawn carriage.

He was long the position Jaguar as an upmarket car. Various types of cars he had production. Among these type Jaguar MK 4 Roadster. In 1948 this vehicle was popular among sports enthusiasts because of noble character of his sport.

The room cabin is sporty highlight. Seat made of foam rubber, very soft occupied. Not only that, but also adpat up and down and back and forth so as to provide ease the driver to adjust according to your posture. For the exterior, this car seems simple. Body tebruat of sheet metal plate, round headlamps stand out like cat's eye. While the windshield is made flat to form four long perseegi.

To complete if the sport, Jaguar MK 4 is equipped with 6-cylinder engine, 3500 cc, with a speed of 185 km / hour. This car also uses two models of conventional carburetors.

Continue reading →

FLAT 1100D

FLAT 1100D
Hi I Am Fiat
If you are a fan of the old vehicle, you know stands for Fiat, Fabbrica Italiana Automobile Torino. Along with other European auto companies, Fiat started production in 1899. Following the development of Fiat's time to make changes to adjust din clan with the market, one type Fiat 1100D.

Fiat this type was introduced to the general public about the year 1948 in Milan International Motor Show Fiat at that time issued two types of cars, the first Fiat 1100D, four-door type, and the Fiat 110 013, two-door type. Both these cars use the materials and steel. So might Fiat 1100D and 1100B is no doubt. Fiat 1100D could go to Indonesia, in Indonesia, this car is known by the name honde car.

Continue reading →

Bung Karno's cars, the first Indonesian president at that time.

Blogging Bung Karno, the first Indonesian president at that time.
There are few cars favored by the former number one in Indonesia, Bung Karno. In
Lincoln Landaulette (Limosincabrio), Crysler Imperial and buik-8. At the time ofindependence, Buick-8 is the first vehicle used by Bung Karno. Indonesia's first president was happy driving this car for its elegant, robust, able to travel far field andcomfortable ride.

In terms of making history, Buick is the type of limited-8-8, produced in 1939 with acapacity of 5247 cc engine. From the car's body design is quite unique, between the driver and passenger are separated by a glass that can be opened. If you do not want to use a glass divider play was opening the driver's residence.

The story is pretty interesting car. The car was discovered in 1945 on the back of the Department of Transportation by Sudiro, chairman of the Barisan Banteng, this timeIndonesia was still under Japanese occupation. Since Sudiro indeed understand the automotive field, he immediately approached the driver, persuaded to sell. Withouttime consuming Sudiro managed to buy and bring home Buick-8. Then he dedicatedto President Sokemo, and eventually become President of the official vehicles withlicense plate number R-1.

Continue reading →

FORD T & A Legenda

triumph of Ford Motor Company is still going on until now. Its existence is still considered by other automotive industry. Ford first produced the cars around the year 1908 with model 1.
Over the years, Ford launched the Ford Model A, that looks better but still buggy prominent impression. Classical impression was also prominent on the spark board
apart and curved. The front there is a round head lamp measures 8 inches.
For the interior, this car is equipped with an elongated seat that can didukuki three people. So is the rear seat. In accordance with the technology in those days, not starter
located on the top but under the floor, to turn the car driver stepped on the starter with a foot residence. Likewise with the brakes still using steel ropes, similar to a motorcycle brake.
In terms of engine, the Ford Model A 4-cylinder engine, 900 cc. To enter the engine fuel still use carburetors. On the suspension, this car is still using the suspension per carry.

Continue reading →

Austin Seven The classic cars

More and more intent Old
The more classic the more expensive and certainly more and hunted. That's the selling value of vintage cars. Scarcity and the beauty that he has had his own appeal.

It IS hard to care for vintage cars, are old, requires diligence and patience. For lovers of vintage cars, something like this is considered something exciting and challenging.The more difficult to fix the car the more excited they are renovating. For auto parts, hares diligent collectors also went to the old car exchanges.

To get their old car automotive enthusiasts willing to pay millions of dollars, as is done by Gunawan Tjandra example. His passion for vintage cars
since the college started in Sounthern Alberta Institute of Technology in Canada.

The first vintage cars owned Cabriolet is a four-door Impala he bought in 1996. A few years later the boss of PT. Glass is a direct Fima has hundreds of vintage cars. In turn these cars is displayed at the Museum Cars Sentul. Here are reviews of several vintage cars.

SEVEN USTIN
Might Train Horses
British production car was made not for the nobility. In the Dutch colonial era, the Austin Seven was to be one means of transport sate fighters. This car was designed by a draftsman Stanley Herbert Austin Edge at home. The idea of making cars is obtained when looking at the table in the garage billiar Austin home. So just about the size of Austin Seven billiar table.

Like the other old cars, car body Herbert Austin's creation is like a carriage horse.Length about 310 cm and 135 cm wide. The window was wide open with no cover glass. Design flat rear and spare tires body together. If examined in depth,
contain less interior design aesthetic, is visible from the front seat are made of vinyl-coated rubber material, and can not be brought forward or pushed back.

Car King Arhtur country uses 4-cylinder engine, the 747 and the Austin Seven engine ignition in terms of use and platinum coils. To start the engine, the Austin Seven using crank. Own expertise needed to power it.
Enghol wrong hands can be hit back by a lever pengengkolnya.

Unlike other car, the Austin Seven automobile travel was not so long, only 17 years old. The first production in 1922 and last in 1939. Although the rise in the era of European industrialization, but Austin Seven still could not last long ..

Continue reading →

Mercedes-Benz Concept Biome

Cool these cars, let me have 1.
2010 Mercedes-Benz Concept Biome made of ultralight materials called BioFibre andtips the scales at just 875.5 pounds (about 394 kg). BioFibre DNA is made ofindividuals in the Mercedes-Benz child care, where it collects energy from the sun andstore it in a liquid chemical bond called BioNectar4534. 2010 Mercedes-Benz BiomeConcept's interior grew from the DNA of the Mercedes star on the front of the vehicle,while the exterior grow from behind the star.



The 2010 Mercedes-Benz biome concept is supported by BioNectar4534, which are stored in BioFibre material from the interior, chassis, and wheels. The 2010Mercedes-Benz vehicles symbiosis also produces oxygen like plants, thereby contributing to improving air quality. In addition, the 2010 Mercedes-Benz biome can be fully composted or used as building material
The 2010 Mercedes-Benz Concept biome show in Los Angeles in 2010 DesignChallenge. And the designers of the Mercedes-Benz Advanced Design Studio inCarlsbad, Calif., surprised everyone with a 2010 Mercedes-Benz biome concept, acar that takes inspiration from nature.

Continue reading →

Hyundai ix20 Paris motor show 2010

Something new in the Paris Motor Show 2010 yesterday.
2011 Hyundai ix20 unveiled at the Paris Motor Show 2010. Production of Hyundai ix20 is running in the latest European Hyundai plant in Nošovice, Czech Republic.Cars along the 4.1-meter equipped with a long wheelbase for the class of companies (2.615mm) and a high roofline 1.600mm. 2011 Hyundai ix20 will be available with a choice of four Euro V-compliant engines: two petrol and two diesel, including the spread of electricity from 77ps to 125ps. Manual and automatic transmission will also be offered. Each machine in the range of Hyundai ix20 (except 1.6 with automatic transmission) will also be available in the form of Blue ™ Drive.

2011 Hyundai ix20 front grille features hexagonal, key visual elements 'visible' new family of European brands. This grille is designed to give the MPV a 'friendly' face, inviting prospective car buyers to explore further. Hyundai's European designers also carved interior space to provide extra legroom and headroom for superior comfort, while the specification of equipment sufficient to accommodate luggage and rear.

2011 Hyundai ix20 offers active safety features, including ESP (Electronic Stability Program), ABS (anti-lock braking system) and Hillstart Assist Control (to prevent roll-back when it started to tilt). In addition, the 2011 Hyundai ix20 also offers packages Triple Five Years Care, which includes warranty, five year unlimited mileage; five years of roadside assistance, and five years of free medical check of the vehicle.

Continue reading →

Amazing Bali in Indonesia

Paradise Island

HISTORY
Bali comes from the word "Bal" in Sanskrit means "Strength", and "Bali" means "Sacrifice", which means that we should not forget our strength. So we are always ready to make sacrifices. Bali has 2 national hero who was instrumental in maintaining the area of I Gusti Ngurah Rai and I Gusti Ketut Jelantik.

LOCATION DESCRIPTION
Bali Island is part of the Lesser Sunda Islands of thousands of Denpasar. Places Ubud Other important as the art center is located in Gianyar regency, while Kuta, Sanur, Seminyak, and Nusa Dua are some places that a tourist destination, both tourist and beach resorts. Ethnic groups are divided into 2 Bali: Bali Aga (original Balinese people used to live in the area Trunyan), and Mojopahit Bali (Balinese Hindu / Balinese descent Mojopahit).

ELEMENTS - CULTURAL ELEMENTS

A. LANGUAGES
Bali mostly use the language of Bali and Indonesian languages, most Balinese people are bilingual or even trilingual. English is the third and the main foreign language for the people of Bali who are influenced by the needs of the tourism industry. Balinese language is divided into 2, namely, language is the language of Bali Aga more rough pronunciation, and language Bali Mojopahit.yaitu language pronunciation smoother.

B. KNOWLEDGE
Banjar or can be referred to as the village is a form of social units based on the unity of the region. Social unity is strengthened by the unity of customs and religious ceremonies. Banjar dikepalahi by Klian banjo who served as concerning all matters in the field of social and religious life, but often also have to solve problems that include the customary law of land, and the things that nature of government administration.

C. TECHNOLOGY
The Balinese have grown to know and irrigation system water control system that regulates the irrigation system and planting in the rice fields. And they also are familiar with the architectural layout of the room and set the building like the building of Feng Shui. Architecture is an expression of symbolic communicative and educative. Balinese also has a traditional weapon that is one of them kris. In addition to self-defense, according to the trust when the keris is soaked in water to cure people bitten by venomous animals.

D. SOCIAL ORGANIZATION
a). Marriage
Withdrawal lineage in Balinese society is patrilineal lead. Caste system greatly affect the course of a marriage, because of a higher caste woman who married a lower caste man is not justified because there was a deviation, which would shame the family and drop the prestige of the entire caste of female children.
In some areas of Bali (not all areas), shall also apply customary dowry transfer (petuku luh), but today especially among families learned men, have disappeared.
b). Kinship
Indigenous settled after marriage retreat affects kinship in a community association. There are two kinds of indigenous settle a retreat that is often accepted custom is customary that justify virilokal newlyweds settled around the center of the residence of the husband's relatives, and traditional customs that determine neolokal are newlyweds living alone place the new residence. In Bali there are 3 major clan groups (triwangsa), namely: Brahmin as master of ceremonies, the Knights are: group-specific klompok like arya Kepakisan and Jaba ie as a religious leader.
c). Social
Village, a community of people living unity of Bali covers at 2 terms, namely: traditional village and the village office (administrative). Both are a union territory in conjunction with any religious or traditional customs, while the service is unity admistratif village. Activities focus on areas of traditional village customs and religious ceremonies, while the official village centered on the areas of administration, governance and development.

E. LIVELIHOODS
In general, the majority of people bali livelihood farming, the terrain is fairly good rainfall, pertenakan especially cattle and pigs as an important business in rural communities in Bali, both land and sea fisheries that are subject pecaharian sideline, handicraft making handicraft items include matting , sculptures, fabrics, carvings, percetakaan, coffee factories, cigarette factories, etc.. Business in this field to provide employment to the residents. Since many tourists who visit Bali then arises the hotel business, travel, crafts shops.

F. RELIGIOUS
Religion in the embrace by some Balinese are Hindus about 95%, of the total population of Bali, while the remaining 5% are adherents of Islam, Christianity, Catholicism, Buddhism, and Confucianism. The purpose of life Hinduism is to achieve balance and peace to live birth and batin.orang Hindus believe in one God in the form of the concept of Trimurti, namely the form of Brahmin (the creator), a form of Vishnu (the protector and guardian), as well as a form of Shiva (the destroyer) . Places of worship called a temple retreat. Places of ancestor worship is called buffering. Hindu scriptures are Weda originating from India.

People who died in a Hindu ceremony sanggat Ngaben deemed essential to free spirits who have passed away from earthly ties to heaven. Ngaben itself is cremation. The Feast of the people of Hindu religion is the celebration of Nyepi whose implementation in the new year saka on the 1st of the month 10 (kedasa), except that there are also Galungan, brass, Saras pendonor, Tumpek Landep Tumpek uduh, and Siwa Ratri.

Guidelines for the Teachings of Hinduism namely: (1). Tattwa (religious philosophy), (2). Ethics (moral), (3). Ceremony (Yadnya). There are 5 different retreat ceremony (penta Yadnya), namely (1). Human Yadnya the ceremony of pregnancy until adulthood. (2). Pitra Yadnya the ceremony devoted to the ancestral spirits. (3). Dewa Yadnya the ceremony held at the temple / shrine family. (4). Rsi Yadnya yaituupacara in the context of the inauguration of a pastor. (5). Bhuta Yadnya the ceremony for the spirits of humans who disturb the smooth around humans.

G. ARTISTRY
Cultural arts in bali classified in three main groups namely visual arts such as painting, sculpture, arsistektur arts, performing arts such as dance, literary arts, performing arts, music, and art audiovisual such as video and film art.

CULTURAL VALUES
1. Manners: manners habit of agreeing in the social environment among people in the group.
2. Nguopin: mutual cooperation.
3. Ngayah or ngayang: community service for religious purposes.
4. Courtesy: indigenous relations in polite society towards people of different sex.

DEVELOPMENT ASPECTS
In Bali type livelihood is farming paddy fields. Principal livelihood began to shift on the type of non-agricultural livelihoods. This shift occurred because of that in the present with the development of tourism industry in Bali, then they come further consider also, especially in the livelihoods of its inhabitants.

So most people sell their land to the tourism industry that is felt more and more quickly enjoyed. Revenue earned at this time mostly from non-agricultural livelihoods, such as: carpenters, drivers, industrial, and household crafts. Household handicraft industry as leading the effort flour skid, skid coconut, rice whitening, embroidery or sewing sewing business.

Continue reading →

Leak Indonesia is Mistery

Leak is a man who is practicing black magic and has the behavior of cannibalism. It is said that Leak flying around trying to find a pregnant woman to suck the blood of a baby or newborn child, to complete his magical abilities. There are three legendary Leak, two female and one male. Leakage with a big magic skills can be turned into Rangda, queen of black magic. Leak said to haunt the cemetery, eat the corpse, has the power to transform themselves into animals, even her monkey-shaped teeth with gold or a big rat, a ball of fire and even a bald giant. It is said that he has a very long tongue and large fangs.

In the afternoon he appeared as an ordinary human being, but at night his head and stomach contents to free themselves from their bodies and fly around. His powerful enemy is the Barong, a character in the mythology of Bali. He is the king of the spirits, leader of a good host. Barong and Rangda exist in the natural order of the cosmos and represent Good and Evil. Both the Barong and Rangda that cemented the legend of Bali.

Leak in Balinese legend refers to a terrible drama inspired by black magic key figure of the Candidate Charcoal. The story is written in script illustrates that during the reign of the 11th century there Erland widow called Charcoal Candidate Girah village has a beautiful princess. His daughter name is Rachel Manggali, which has reached the adultery, but no one among the youth of the village and its surroundings have the courage to approach a virgin. This is because the mother is known to have knowledge of black magic, and the practice is evil, and with a bad attitude that causes many people to die and even hatred among the people increased, but this is used as a temptation to the needs of hungry black magic.

His bad reputation eventually reached the palace, and some soldiers took the initiative and requested permission from the king to punish widows. The soldiers headed to the village Girah and found her asleep. One solder dragged by the hair, but unfortunately he got up and once he surprised her with 2 bulging eyes shine wild fire and burned soldiers shooting, others take a few steps away from the run but once again his eyes flash fire burn them except one solder survived the magic feather evil black. Soldiers later reported to the king horrible experience, and make the king is really upset and ran out of reasons to resolve the issue. Charcoal candidate know that the palace is involved in the action attempted murder scandal, and he became angry out of control and spread evil supernatural forces that cause large epidemics.

Continue reading →

Do you know photo Einstein tongue, What do you mean yes!

Maybe you've seen a photo of Albert Einstein on this one. Einstein stuck out his tongue which is easy to see on the cover of magazines, posters and t-shirts. The photos were taken by photographers (Arthur Sasse) on Mar 14, 1951 in Princeton at the anniversary event 72. Photos complete (original) is Einstein was sitting in the backseat of a car with Dr. Fank Aydelotte and his wife.

Why Einstein stuck out his tongue?

Well, here's a question many people about the photo. Some people consider that to be a genius, then we must remove the tongue with disheveled hair.

Hm ... just a myth ..
Actually at that time, Albert Einstein and Aydelotte had just come home from the awards show Einstein. Although Einstein was sitting in a car seat, still only reporters and photographers chasing him. The journalists fought back Einstein, and Einstein shouted: "This is enough. It's enough! ". But the basic reporter, still asking questions and the photographer kept taking pictures with relatives. When a reporter asked Einstein's willingness to perpetuate the birthday photos, he also eventually became tired and irritated, and he stuck out his tongue, with an ironic tone. At that time, Arthur Sasse Einstein could capture these images.

Nevertheless, Einstein was very fond of the photo. He cut the image, so just look her own (without raises Aydelotte and his wife). Einsteinpun reproduce the photo and send to friends.

Continue reading →

Indonesian Military Power of the Great 1960

Indonesian forces also formerly great yeah!!



1960s, the era of President Sukarno.
Indonesia is one of the main military force of the largest and strongest in the world. At that time, even the Dutch forces are not comparable with Indonesia, and America is very concerned with the development of our military forces are heavily supported by the latest technology of the Soviet Union.

1960, the Dutch are still entrenched in Papua. Seeing the power of the Republic of Indonesia is increasingly intense, the Western-backed Dutch deception designed to establish a puppet state that seemed to be independent, but still under Dutch control.

President Sukarno immediately take extreme action, objectives, retake Papua. Sukarno immediately issued a declaration "Trikora" in Yogyakarta, and its contents are:
1. Abort the establishment of a puppet state of Papua artificial Dutch colonial.
2. Kibarkan Sang Saka Merah Putih throughout the West Irian
3. Be prepared for a general mobilization, maintaining independence and unity of the nation's homeland.

Thanks to the proximity of Indonesia with the Soviets, then Indonesia massive assistance fleet and air force advanced military in the world with a huge amount, U.S. $ 2.5 billion. Currently, the Indonesian military forces to be strongest in the southern hemisphere.

Indonesia's main strength in the time it was one of the main Trikora largest and fastest warship in the world of artificial Soviet Sverdlov class, with 12 cannon caliber 6-inch giant. This is a KRI Irian, with a giant weight of 16,640 tons with a crew of 1270 people including 60 officers. Soviets, never once gave this strong ship in any other nation except Indonesia. (Newest ships of class Sigma Indonesia now only weighs 1600 tons).

The aircraft MiG-21 Fishbed is one of the main world's most advanced supersonic aircraft, which has been capable of flying at speeds reaching Mach 2. The aircraft is even more powerful than the most sophisticated American aircraft at that time, the plane supersonic F-104 Starfighter and F-5 Tiger. While the Dutch are still relying on the planes of World War II relics such as P-51 Mustang.

For the record, awesomeness planes MiG-21 and MiG-17 in the Vietnam War to encourage Americans founded the United States Navy Strike Fighter Tactics Instructor, pilots training center best known as TOP GUN.

Indonesia also has a fleet of 26 long-range strategic bomber Tu-16 Tupolev (Badger A and B). This made Indonesia one of the main of only 4 nations in the world that have strategic bombers, the American, Russian, and English. The air base is located on the Ground Iswahyudi, Surabaya.

Even China and Australia also does not have strategic bombers such as this. Bombers also features a variety of sophisticated electronic equipment and special anti-ship missiles the U.S. war-1 Kennel, which can yield easily sink ships-battleships West.

Indonesia also has a 12 Whiskey-class submarines, dozens of Corvette class battleships, 9 of the world's largest helicopter MI-6, 41 MI-4 helicopters, various aircraft carriers including heavy transport aircraft Antonov An-12B. In total, Indonesia has 104 units of battleships. Not to mention the thousands of the best assault rifle at the time and still be legendary to this day, the AK-47.

This all makes Indonesia salasahtu sea and air military forces of the world's strongest. So great effect, so that America under the leadership of John F. Kennedy forced the Dutch to get out of Papua, and stated in a UN forum that the transition of power in Papua, from Holland to Indonesia is something that can be accepted.

Continue reading →

Queen mystery from the south coast of Indonesia Kidul

At one time, there lived a beautiful princess named Kadita. Because of her beauty, she was called Dewi Srengenge which means the sun is beautiful. Srengenge Goddard is the son of King Munding Wangi. Although the king had a beautiful daughter, she was always sad because he really was always hoping to have boys. The king was then married to Dewi Mutiara, and get bahagialah the son of the king's marriage.

Goddess Pearl wants for his son later became king, and he was trying to get his wish was materialized. Then the Goddess Pearl came to the king, and requested that the king sent his daughter away from the palace. Of course the king refused. "It's ridiculous. I am not going to let anyone who wants to act rude to my daughter", said King Munding Wangi. Hearing the answer, the Goddess Pearl smiled and said sweetly until the king was not angry anymore. But even so, he still intends to fulfill his desire that.

In the morning, before sunrise, Dewi Mutiara sent aides to summon a shaman. He wants the shaman curse Kadita, her stepson. "I want a beautiful body full with scabies and itching. If you succeed, then I will give a reward that you never imagined before." The shaman to obey the queen. In the evening, the body Kadita been met with scabies and itching. When she awoke, she realized her body and filled with foul-smelling ulcers. The beautiful princess cried and did not know what to do.

When the King heard the news, he became very sad and invited many physician to cure her daughter. He realized that his daughter's illness was not fair, someone must have been cursing or using gunainya. The problem becomes more complicated when the Queen Dewi Mutiara forced him to drive his daughter. "Puterimu will bring misfortune for the whole country," said Dewi Mutiara. Because King did not want her daughter to be rumors all over the country, eventually he was forced to accept the proposal of the Queen Pearl to send her daughter out of the country.

The poor princess went alone, without knowing where to go. He was almost unable to cry anymore. He does have a noble heart. He does not hold a grudge to her stepmother, instead she always asked for God with him in a bear suffering ..

Almost seven days and seven nights he walked until he reached the Southern Ocean. He looked at the ocean. The water is clean and clear, unlike other ocean water is blue or green. He jumped into the water and swim. Suddenly, when the Southern Ocean water touched her skin, miracles happen. Sores disappeared and there was no sign that she had scabies or itching. Instead, she became more beautiful than ever. Not only that, but now he has the power to govern the whole Southern Ocean. Now she became a fairy called Nyi Roro Kidul or Queen of the South Ocean Beach that live forever.

South Queen Ratna Suwinda =
Mentioned in the Babad Tanah Jawi (19th century), a prince of the kingdom Pajajaran, Joko Tell, met a hermit who ordered that he finds the Kingdom of Majapahit in East Java. Because of the hermit is a beautiful young woman, Joko Get fell in love with him. But the hermit who turns out is the aunt of Joko Tell, named Ratna Suwida, reject his love. When young, Ratna Suwida seclusion to meditate on a hill. Then he went to the south coast of Java and became the spiritual ruler there. He said to the prince, if the descendants of the prince became the ruler of the kingdom which is located near Mount Merapi, she would marry the whole ruler alternately.

The next generation, Panembahan Senopati, founder of the kingdom of Mataram 2nd, retreated to the South Coast, to gather all his energy, in an effort to prepare the military campaign against the northern kingdom. Meditation attract South Queen and she promised to help him. For three days and three nights he learned the secrets of war and government, and love intrigues in the palace under the water, until finally emerged from Parangkusumo Sea, south of Yogyakarta today. Since then, Queen of South reportedly closely linked to the ruling Senopati offspring, and offerings presented to him at this place every year through the representatives of Solo and Yogyakarta palace.

That's two stories or legends about Queen of South, or Nyi Roro Kidul, or Queen of the South Coast. The first version is taken from the book Folklore of Yogyakarta and the second version contained in the Babad Tanah Jawi. Both these stories are different, but you do not get confused. You do not need to bother to choose, which of the two most correct. The stories above are just a pengatar for the next article.

South Queen and the Sultan Palace
Can you believe the story of Queen Kidul or Nyi Roro Kidul, or Queen of the South Coast? Some of you might say NO. But when we ask to those who live in an age of Sultan Palace or the environment. They believe the truth of this story. Truth be the story of South Queen is still being debated. But apart from these polemics, there is a real phenomenon, that the myth of the Queen of South does have relevance to the existence of Sultan Palace. The relationship between Queen of South by Sultan Palace least not in the Babad Tanah Jawi (the story of the South Queen above, the second version). What kind of relationship that exists between them?

Y. Argo Twikromo in his book titled Queen of South stated that the community is a community tradition that emphasizes harmony, harmony and balanced living. Because life is not separated from the surrounding natural environment, the functioning and interpret the natural environment are essential.

As a reciprocal communication relationship with the environment according to the Java community has a stronger power, still according Twikromo, then the use of symbols is often actualized. If associated with ghosts, then the rulers know Javanism spirits as ruler of Mount Merapi, the ruler of Mount Lawu, Kaya nDelpin, and South Sea. Lord of the South Sea by the Javanese people is what is called Queen of South. The four authorities are circling the Sultanate of Yogyakarta. And to achieve harmony, harmony and balance in society, then the king should hold communication with the "delicate creatures" is.

According Twikromo, for the king of Java to communicate with the Queen of the South is one of inner strength in managing the country. As the strength of compaction of the visible (invisible to the eye), South Queen should be asked for blessings in their daily activities to find salvation and peace.

Confidence in the Queen of South actualized well. In the harbor activity, for example, a traditional ceremony conducted palace by the sea in the south of Yogyakarta, which is held every anniversary of Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono, according to the calculation of Saka (in Java). This ceremony is aimed to the welfare of the sultan and the people of Yogyakarta.

Trust in the South Queen is also manifested through sexual intercourse and dance Bedaya Bedaya Semang held to honor and commemorate the Queen. Other evidence is the establishment of a building in the complex of Taman Sari (Water Palace at the Bottom), about 1 km west of Ngayogyakarta palace, called the Well Gumuling. This place is believed to be the place of meeting with the Queen of the South Coast sovereign, Queen of South.

Appreciation of South Queen myth is not only believed in and exercised by the palace, but also by society in general in the imperial territory. One of the proof is there that if people lost confidence in Parangtritis, then that person is lost because of the "taken" by the Queen.

In addition Ngayogyakarta Palace, Queen myth Kidul is also believed by their brother, Keraton Surakarta Sultanate. In the Babad Tanah Jawi was mentioned that the South Queen had promised to Panembahan Senopati, the first ruler of the kingdom of Mataram, to keep the kingdom of Mataram, the sultans, the royal family, and community of catastrophe. And since the second palace (Yogyakarta and Surakarta) shared a common ancestor (the Kingdom of Mataram), then just as Kraton Yogyakarta, Surakarta Palace also carry out various forms of their appreciation to the South Queen. One of them is the most sacred dance performances in the palace, Bedoyo Ketawang, which is held once a year during the anniversary of the coronation of kings. Nine dancers dressed in traditional Javanese wedding invite Queen of South to come and marry Susuhunan, and said to the Queen and then the magic comes in the shape of the ten dancers who look shiny.


Until now, in a very modern times, the legendary Queen of South, or Nyi Roro Kidul, or Queen of the South Coast, is the legend of the most spectacular. Even when you read this story, many people from Indonesia or other countries admitted that they had met a beautiful fairy queen wearing traditional Javanese dress. One person who reportedly also been witnessed directly form the Queen is the maestro painter Indonesia, (deceased) Affandi. His experience was then he poured in a painting.

Continue reading →

Sniper in the History of War

Sniper in the History of War Sniper from time to time Hiding place under the metal plate is secretly, and this can be done without being seen the Russians in the evening.


To verify this allegation, he put a glove on a piece of board and slowly raise it, Dar! The Germans provoked to shoot the nest that hand. From the bullet holes in these gloves, it is known definitely that the German sniper was hiding under the metal plate. , Now a question, how can the head of the German fishing is out and there's no point in baiting directly. Vasily is now convinced of this nature these people, the Germans will not leave his position in this highly profitable. When night falls, Vasily and Nikolay carefully move the place and time of sunrise, Nikolay intentionally carelessly throw away shots to attract the attention of the Germans. Then they waited until noon when sunlight shining on the German position. When they saw a small glint of metal plate below it, Vasily ask: Was it telescope? ; Without answering Nikolay slowly raised his helmet with a stick Dar! shot pierced the helmet, the style of a professional actor Nikolay immediately appear instantly while shouting.

The Germans thought he had managed to shoot Vasily hunts for 4 days and raised a little head out from under the plate Dar! He immediately collapsed by Vasily shots.
Actually there are 9 people again top Russian sniper Vasily Zaitsev above the record. Vasily Zaitsev Like they all also got a merit badge "Order of Lenin" which is the highest decoration of the Soviet Union at that time.
The Russian sniper rifle to use 2 types as follows: Mosin Nagant M1891/30 7.62 mm caliber bolt action equipped with a telescope with a magnification 3.5 X or 4X. Vasily Zaitsev use this rifle. SVT40 Tokarev semi-automatic 7.62 mm caliber action which is equipped with a telescope with a magnification 3.5 X or 4X. Nikolay Yakovlevich Ilyin (496 people) and Lyudmila Pavlichenko (309 people) use this rifle. Vasily Zaitsev epic story then a lot is written in a variety of novels including "Stalingrad", "War of the Rats" and "Enemy at the Gate" which later was appointed kelayar silver into a movie.

Film Enemy at the Gate; real story
Although the characters in this film is really a lot there, the story changed and in fact many seasoned film to dramatize this for comfortable viewing, for example among others:
· Nikolay Kulikov (Vasily observer) that the film was shot dead by "Major Koenig" time is jumping. In fact he survived until the war ended, even with Vasily time "Major Koenig" was shot by Vasily.
· Super Vasily German sniper who shot at the end of the movie is not a "Major Koenig", but Heinz Thorvald.
· Commisar political officer Danilov and Russians who in the film propanganda meritorious orbit Vasily name, he accidentally wounded by a "super sniper" German for Vasily it to lure out of hiding to help him. Danilov was not dead.
In a real situation, the German sniper shot dead a hiding place is located underneath a sheet metal plate obsolete; no open place like in the movie. Even he had never dealt with the Russian kids hung in the film (the story is fabricated only to describe the atrocities of Nazi Germany's army).

Continue reading →

Mount Tambora and the defeat of Napoleon Benoparte

Mount Tambora and the defeat of Napoleon Benoparte Most of us would not know that Mount Tambora was recorded as the highest volcano in Indonesia. That was before the volcano erupted explosively in April 1815. 



When the peak of Mount Tambora reach a height of about 4,300 meters above sea level (asl). Compare with the highest land in Indonesia today, namely Puncak Jayawijaya, Papua, the altitude of about 3050 m above sea level. After the great Tambora eruption, land at the summit was thrown into different directions. As a result, the height of a volcano that is still remaining half, which is about 2851 m above sea level.
The eruption of a very horrible also leaving a huge caldera. In fact, according to records, the size of the caldera is the most widespread in Indonesia. Imagine, the caldera has a diameter of about 7 km, the maximum length of 16 km, and a depth of 1.5 km.


Now, the volcano which is administratively located in two districts; Dompu and Bima, West Nusa Tenggara Province (NTB) had left the magical tale, not only in Indonesia but also have an impact until the various parts of the world.


Very tense The tragedy began in early April 1815. When the area around Mount Tambora began to tremble. Vibration is further strengthened on April 10, 1815, at 19:00 local time. Since then up to five days, the explosion of Mount Tambora reaches its climax.
At night, from a distance Tambora really bright because of the fire that continues to radiate from the top of the mountain. The atmosphere is very tense. Mount it as if turned into a huge fire flow.
At the same time, the eruption was also spewing out hot gas, volcanic ash and boulders down to 20 km down to the sea. The villages in the vicinity of Tambora was destroyed by pyroclastic flows engulfed them.
According to Haris Paradise in his book titled Greatest Mysteries of Indonesia (2008), three small kingdoms scorched and destroyed by lava and eruption of Mount Tambora material. The third kingdom is the Concentration which is about 30 km west of Tambora. Then, the Kingdom Studios located 35 km east of Tambora, and the kingdom of Tambora is 25 km from the volcano.


Almost all residents in the three kingdoms are killed. Only two people survived. In fact, the locations of the three kingdoms that had already grown quite safe from the effects of volcanic eruptions.
The eruption of Mount Tambora was also carrying a very large landslide material to the sea. Landslide caused a tsunami in various beaches in Indonesia such as Bima, East Java, and Maluku. The height of the tsunami is estimated at 4 meters.
Not only that, it also cast a powerful blast of volcanic ash up to West Java and South Sulawesi. Even the smell of nitrate also wafted up to Batavia (now Jakarta). Heavy rain accompanied the fall of ash also occurred.
According to geologists, the eruption is the largest natural disaster in history. Imagine, as compared with the eruption of Krakatoa which occurred in August 1883, explosion of Mount Tambora more dahsat four times that.


Mount Tambora eruption was heard up to the island of Sumatra, Makassar, and Ternate as far as 2,600 km. Ashes were also flown as far as 1,300 km with an altitude of 44 km from the surface. The volume of dust was estimated to reach 400 km3.
I was so thick dust that fly in the sky, along the area with a radius of 600 km from the volcano visible darkness for two days. Understandably, the sun could not penetrate the thick gray earlier.
Areas most affected, of course, which is adjacent to the location of Mount Tambora. According to the Swiss botanist, Heinrich Zollinger, in once this eruption killed about 10,000 people. After that, the number of deaths from starvation reached 38,000 people on Sumbawa and Lombok 10,000 people. Other sources said the explosion had been reduced to the remaining population Sumbawa only 85,000 people.
Number of Victims Spreads Not only that. The death toll also extends to the island of Bali, which reached 10,000 people. The next Impact, 49,000 people died because of disease and starvation.
Why the prolonged famine? There are several reasons. First, all plants on the island of Sumbawa when it was completely destroyed by a thick ash covered and engulfed in flames. Second, during the two weeks of heavy clouds still covered the areas around Mount Tambora, including Bali. In effect, many crops were destroyed and crop failure. Third, the ash particles in the long term was still in atmofer with a height of 10-30 km. As a result, climate cycles become erratic and farmers could not harvest the crop cultivation.
Climate chaos also hit Europe, the United States, and Canada. A year after the eruption, in 1816, the area experienced year without a summer. Weather in the area changed completely. Understandably, the ash particles were still wrapped around the earth's atmosphere blocking sunlight to break through the soil surface.
Famine also hit Canada, U.S., UK, and others. Frozen air that occur in these countries eliminate farmers dream. Residents were food shortages. Ireland experienced the worst impact. There, cold rainfall occurs almost throughout the summer. Approximately 65,000 people die of hunger and typhus epidemic affected. The epidemic then spread to Europe and killed 200,000 people.
The eruption of Mount Tambora was tragic. The eruption was cut off hundreds of thousands of people, both those affected directly or indirectly. This heartbreaking story of Tambora in accordance with the name derived from two words; ta and mbora which means an invitation to disappear.
According to the myth that developing communities around the mountain believe, there are reportedly about 4,500 hikers, hunters, and explorers are missing. They were never found on Mount Tambora which is now covered with forests with a variety of orchids so fascinating.
NAPOLEON, Raffles, and Tambora Great eruption of Mount Tambora in April 1815 not only crushed and destroyed three small kingdoms in the island of Sumbawa. More than that, far away in mainland Europe, precisely in Belgium, army troops under the command of the ruler of France, General Napoleon Bonaparte must bend the knees at the hands of Britain and Prussia.
Yes, three days after the Tambora erupted explosively, precisely on June 18, 1815, Napolean trapped enemy forces. The reason, in the rest of the day the weather worsened. The rain kept pouring area. In fact, the French soldiers were heading fight the battle.
Due to bad weather, the train wheel for driving cannon stuck in mud. All vehicles can not drive smoothly. Ground was slippery, covered with snow. Understandably, a thick ash from the eruption of Mount Tambora was still scattered in the atmosphere blocking sunlight that falls to earth.
War was a tragic story of Waterloo for Napoleon. The greatness of Napoleon in subdue his enemies over. He also surrendered. The general was then exiled to Saint Helena Island, a small island in the southern Atlantic Ocean. On the remote island's why he spends his time until death in 1821 due to attack cancer.
Kenneth Spink, a geologist theorize, that bad weather caused the eruption of Mount Tambora be one trigger of the defeat of Napoleon. At the scientific meeting of Applied Geosciences at Warwick, England (1996), Spink said that the eruption of Mount Tambora has a big impact on the order of the world's climate at the time, including bad weather in Waterloo in June 1815.


In Yogyakarta, the eruption of Tambora surprise Thomas Stamford Raffles. Governor-General of the United Kingdom in Java in power in 1811-1816 it was thought the explosion was coming from enemy cannon fire sound. Naturally so, because when the technology of communication (telegraph) was not created so that the eruption could not be delivered to various parts of the countryside in a relatively quick.
Fear of enemy attack, Raffles was then sent soldiers to guard posts along the coast to be ready on standby. The boats were alerted. What may make, Raffles false allegations. There was no enemy attack

Continue reading →

7 ways to satisfy a partner with your fingers

7 ways to satisfy a partner with your fingers
Using fingers to stimulate her most sensitive area will lead to tremendous effect. But still need a technique to make a woman orgasm using your fingers. Because in some women the effects of the use of different fingers. Depending on the woman who sometimes prefer finger-tempo game or the number of fingers that "play" in the most sensitive area was.

So here you have to know your partner's first weakness in the spot where. Before you start "playing" in the most sensitive areas using your fingers. First you must make it aroused with foreplay.

Here are some techniques to make women orgasm using your fingers:
 
1. Mechanical eraser
The clitoris is the most appropriate point to stimulate your partner. Start from that point using the index finger and your middle finger. Tap gently with a circular motion slowly. See her reaction, watch the speed of your finger. You must know when to speed up the game as your finger and when to slow it down. Some women like the rhythmic game like that.

2. Fast finger game
Does your spouse like the tempo is slow, or fast tempo? If you prefer the latter option, use your middle finger to enter sensitive areas with fast tempo repeatedly. This technique is useful to make your partner with a great orgasm.

By using this technique, you should be in the proper position. And the proper position to do that is right in front of the sensitive area (open and lebarkan legs and knees, and you should be right in the middle to look at the clitoris and the sensitive areas). This position will make it easier to perform this technique. Straighten your arms, and insert your middle finger into the sensitive area with a quick tempo repeatedly. And wait a while, your partner will soon experience an orgasm.



3. Using two hands
If you can set the tempo by using two hands, do it. The one hand to stimulate her clit with a circular motion (as in technique # 1), and use your index finger and middle finger of your other hand to explore sensitive areas. Multiple sensation is favored by many women, and increase the opportunity for her to reach orgasm. There's no need to rush, do it with ease and relaxed. Allow your partner to enjoy it.

4. Screw technique (play)
Similar to the technique on no 2, this technique also uses the index finger and middle finger. Also with the position you are in between the legs and knees with her face looking directly into sensitive areas. Enter the index finger and your middle finger with your palm facing down. Rotate your hands until your palms mengahadap upwards, then pull out your hands gently.


Tip: when you rotate your hands and your palms facing upward, pat your partner's clitoris with the thumb a few times.

5. G-Spot Technique
Sit in front of the sensitive area, insert your finger (index finger or middle finger, or both) with your palms facing upwards. Make small movements by moving your finger inside her vagina. The goal is to touch the point of its excitatory or often called G-Spot. Do it slowly, estimate where the G-Spot. Touch gently. See her reaction, set the tempo, if your partner like it, do it continued until she reached orgasm.

6. Mechanical slider
This technique requires a lot of lubrication. Do this technique if your partner is really turned on by marked out a lot of lubricant, and the sensitive area becomes wet and slippery.

By using the index finger and your middle finger, start by putting both ends of your fingers on either side of your partner's clitoris. Then meluncurlah down into her cunt. Then come back to the original place where you start. And repeat this motion until your partner reaches climax.

7. Mechanical shovel
Enter the index finger and middle finger into your partner's vagina with your palm facing down. With a record of your partner are in position 'doggy style'. The second movement of your fingertips with declining position while inside her cunt. Repeat this motion continuously. Do it smooth and relaxed. It did not take long, G-Spot your partner will be touched and would soon reach a great orgasm. This technique is the same as the G-Spot techniques but the position of your partner 'doggy style'.

Continue reading →

10 things about sex

For couples who are married, sexual relations can be one way to maintain a healthy body and mind. There are some startling facts about the sexual relationship has not been known. Reporting from Medindia, here are 10 surprising facts about sexual intercourse:

1. The number of people having sex per day
There are about 100 million people worldwide who have sex every day.

2. The number of people per year have sex
Based on the results of a survey conducted by The Durex World Sex Survey, a global result that people have sex as much as 103 times per year or 1.98 times per week or 0.28 times per day.

3. Food sex enhancer
Certain foods are known to improve one's sex drive, among other lean meats, grains, watermelon, Pumpkin seeds, almonds, bananas, strawberries, mango, avocado, chilli, cardamom, pepper, champagne, oysters, dark chocolate (dark chocolate) , truffles and caviar.

4. Sex burns calories
Having sex can burn 70-120 calories in women weighing about 60 pounds and 77-155 calories for a man weighing about 77 kilograms per hour.

5. Most countries who have sex
America and Greece recorded as the state with most sexual relationships in the world. In America there were reported 124 times per year sexual relationship in Greece and 117 times higher than the world average of 103 times. India recorded having sex only 76 times a year and the Japanese seem least interested in sex as only intercourse was recorded 36 times per year.

6. Erections at night
The study of erectile suggests that men may experience erectile about 9 times in a single night, regardless of whether or not he had erotic dreams.

7. World sex record
In 2004, porn star Lisa Sparxxx create a world record which is extraordinary, that is to have sex with 919 men within 24 hours.

8. The number of porn sites
There are more than 4.2 million pornographic websites in the world grows every day with millions of videos that illustrate a variety of sexual relationships.

9. The position of the Kama Sutra
In the ancient book of Hindu Sanskrit 'Kama Sutra', there are a total of 64 positions for sexual intercourse. This is illustrated very graphically by the statue in the temple of Konark and Khajuraho. Kama Sutra describes making love as "divine union".

10. The myth of sexual relations in Africa
In Africa there is one common myth in circulation, namely sexual intercourse with a virgin girl (virgin) can cure AIDS. This myth is known as Deflowering Virgins and has been popular since ancient times. Fatafehi Paulah, King of Tonga in the 17th century was even able to sleep with 10 virgins in one day. And during his reign, there were about 37,800 virgin had slept.

Continue reading →

son of the founder of facebook to learn the secret facebook

son of the founder of facebook to learn the secret facebook

Want to raise a child to be the richest man in the world? Dr Edward Zuckerberg, father of founder Mark Zukerberg social network Facebook, to open the secret success. The key, says Edward, supporting the strengths and interests of children and maintain a balance between work and play. Not only that interest in Mark of the computer due recognition with computers early on.


Dr. Edward Zuckerberg right and founder of Facebook Mark Zuckerberg left

"It is enriching Mark attraction to technology," he said as quoted by The Associated Press, Friday, February 4, 2011. Edward told his family exposed to computers since 1985. When was Edward, who is based at home, began to computerize. Mark grew up in that environment since childhood.

Edwards admitted he knowledge of computers is limited. Even so he often makes the technology-intensive office. "I tried to have the most cutting-edge technology," he said. He later taught Mark a computer program. "But he further programming skills are self-taught," said Edward.

Father of four children admitted to the most important thing in raising children is not to impose them. "Better to recognize what their strengths, and support, and encourage the development of the things they like," said Edward. Families do not apply Zuckerberg physical in disciplining their children. "I do not believe in physical discipline," he said. But Edwards added parents need to notify certain behavior is behavior that will not be tolerated.

"If you express your dislike of certain negative behaviors at an early age, they will learn to understand your feelings about these things," he said. Although not wish to be called as an expert, she reminded the children need to be reminded, that there is a period of work and play.

Mark Edward described as good students interested in math and science. Mark is a quiet boy who does not like to announce his achievement. When Mark was named as person of the year by Time magazine, her son had simply said, "It must be very quiet this year."

Edward said he was proud of the accomplishments Mark, and all children. Mark's sister, Randi, currently serves as director of marketing up. Donna, another brother, a doctoral candidate majoring in Classics at Princeton. Meanwhile, youngest brother Mark, Arielle is currently attending college at Claremont McKenna College.

So how Edward opinion about the movie The Social Network that tell the particulars of establishment up, and a bit of Mark's life story. "If the film is only a story, and not a story about my son, I guess that is something that can be tolerated," said Edward.
Edward is now enjoying success with his own son. He's using Facebook as a promotional tool the dentist practices. One hour a day spent to update his account. And another thing, he's also still a routine dental check the Mark, his son who was crowned the youngest person in the world's richest

Continue reading →

10 animals in the world that has been extinct existence

10.burung dodo become extinct since the 17th century





Dodo (Raphus cucullatus) is a flying bird that lived on the island of Mauritius. Related to pigeons and doves, it stood about one meter (three feet), lived on fruit and nested on the ground. Dodo has been extinct since the 17th century mid-to-end.

It is usually used as the archetype of extinct species because extinction occurred during recorded human history, and directly attributable to human activities. Adjective phrase "as dead as a dodo" means undoubtedly and unquestionably dead. Verb phrase "to go way of the dodo" means to become extinct or obsolete, to fall from common usage or practice, or become a thing of the past.

9.cave lion: lion terbersar in the world (extinct 2,000 years ago)


Cave lion, also known as European or Eurasian cave lion, is a subspecies of lion known from fossils of extinct and a variety of prehistoric art. This subspecies is one of the biggest lion. An adult male, found in 1985 near Siegsdorf (Germany), has a shoulder height of about 1.2 m long and 2.1 m without a tail, which is about the same size as a modern lion is very large. This man even exceeded by other specimens of the subspecies. Therefore this cat may have about 5-10% larger than modern lions. It apparently became extinct about 10,000 years ago, during the Wurm glaciation, though there are some indications it may have been there recently as 2,000 years ago, in the Balkans.


8.the great Auk (extinct 2,000 years ago)

The Great Auk is the only species in the genus Pinguinus, giant Auks flew in from the Atlantic, to survive until today, but extinct today. It is also known as garefowl, or penguins.


Standing about 75 cm or 30-34 inches tall and weighing about 5 kg, the Great Auk was the largest flying from Auks. It was white and glossy black fur. In the past, the Great Auk was found in large numbers on the outer islands of eastern Canada, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Ireland and England, but eventually hunted to extinction. Equipment found in Floridan middens show that at least sometimes, the birds themselves that far south in the winter recently as in the 14th century.

7.Aurochs: a very large type of cattle (extinct since 1627)


One of the most famous animals in Europe, the aurochs or mismanagement (Bos primigenius) is a very large type of cattle. Aurochs evolved in India around two million years ago, migrated to the Middle East and further into Asia, and reached Europe about 250,000 years ago.

In the 13th century AD, the range of aurochs' is limited to Poland, Lithuania, Moldavia, Transylvania and East Prussia. The right to hunt large animals on land were restricted to nobles and gradually to the royal household. As the population of aurochs declined, hunting stopped but the court still required gamekeepers to provide open fields for the aurochs to graze in. The gamekeepers exempt from local taxes in exchange for their services and decisions made an aurochs hunt for the death penalty. In 1564, the gamekeepers knew only 38 animals, according to a survey of the kingdom. The last aurochs that were recorded live, women, died in 1627 in Forest Jaktorów, Poland. skull was later taken by the Swedish Army and now belongs to Livrustkammaren in Stockholm.



In the 1920s two German zookeepers, brothers Heinz and Lutz Heck, attempted to breed aurochs back into existence (see breeding back) from domestic cattle that their offspring. Their plans based on the conception that the species is not extinct as long as all its genes are still present in the population alive. The result is a type called Heck Cattle, 'recreated the Aurochs', 'Heck Aurochs', which bears a complete resemblance with what is known about the physiology of wild aurochs or

6.Caspian Tiger (extinct since 1970)


Caspian tiger or Persian tiger was the western subspecies of tiger, found in Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, Turkey, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Caucasus, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan until it apparently became extinct in the 1970s. Of all the tigers known world, the Caspian tiger was the third largest.

Body subspecies is quite stocky and elongated with strong legs, big wide paws and unusually large claws. Ears are short and small, and give the appearance that without hair on end. Around the Caspian tiger was supported cheek hairy and the rest from a long, thick fur. Staining was similar to that of the Bengal tiger. Caspian is very large male tiger and 169-240 kg weight. Women are not large, weighing 85-135 kg. There are still occasional claims of the Caspian tiger in sight.

5.Rusa Ireland: the largest deer that ever lived (extinct about 7,700 years ago)

The Elk or Giant Deer, was the largest deer that ever lived. He lived in Eurasia, from Ireland to east of Lake Baikal, during the Late Pleistocene and early Holocene. The latest known remains of species have been carbon dated to about 5,700 BC, or about 7,700 years ago. Giant Deer is famous for the size of weight (about 2.1 meters or 7 feet tall at the shoulder), and in particular to have the largest antlers of any known cervid (a maximum of 3.65 meters/12 feet from tip to tip and weighing up to 90 pounds). 
 

Discussion of the causes of their extinction are still focused on the horn (not on their overall body size), which may be more due to its impact on the observer rather than real property. Some have been suggested by human hunting was a factor in the collapse of the Irish Elk as it is with many prehistoric megafauna, even assuming that the size of a big horn to limit movement of men through the forest area or that it was by some other means "maladaptation". But overhunting is equivocal evidence, and as a continental species, it will co-evolved with humans throughout its existence and may have adapted to their presence.

4.Steller 's Sea Cow: the defenseless beast (Extinct since 1768)

Formerly found near the Asiatic coast of the Bering Sea, was discovered in in 1741 by naturalist Georg Steller, who traveled with the explorer Vitus Bering. Sea cow grew up to 7.9 meters (25.9 ft) long and weighed up to three tons, much larger than the manatee or dugong. This looks somewhat like a large seal, but the forelimbs were sturdy two whale-like tail. According to Steller, "animals do not ever come out on the beach, but always stay in the water. His skin was black and thick, like the skin of an old oak ..., its head is proportional to the small body ..., do not have teeth, but only two white bones above-average one, the other below ". This is really tame, according to Steller.

Fossils indicate that Steller's Sea Cow formerly widespread along the North Pacific coast, reaching south to Japan and California. Given the speed with the last population was eliminated, the possibility that the arrival of humans in the region is another cause of extinction as well. There are still sporadic reports of sea animals such as cattle from the Bering area and Greenland, which has been suggested that small populations of animals can survive until now. It remains so far unproven.

3.tasmanian tiger (extinct sejak1936)


Tasmanian tiger is the largest known carnivorous marsupial of modern times. Originally from Australia and New Guinea, estimated to have become extinct in the 20th century. It is commonly known as the Tasmanian Tiger (because his back is patterned stripes), and also known as the Tasmanian Wolf, and colloquially the Tassie (or Tazzy) Tiger or simply the Tiger. This is the last surviving member of its genus, Thylacinus, although a number of special species have been found in the fossil record come back to the early Miocene.

Tasmanian tiger became extinct in mainland Australia thousands of years before European settlement of the continent, but survived in Tasmania together with a number of other endemic species like the Tasmanian Devil. Intensive hunting encouraged by the gift are generally blamed for the extinction, but other factors may have the disease, the introduction of dogs, and human encroachment into their habitat. Although officially classified as extinct, sightings are still reported. .

2.quagga

One of Africa's most famous extinct animals, the quagga was a subspecies of the plains zebra, which was once found in large numbers in South Africa Cape Province and the southern part of the Orange Free State. It is distinguished from other zebras by having the usual signs of life on the front of the body only. In the middle, the lines fade and the dark, inter-line space becomes more widespread, and the back is plain brown. The name comes from the Khoikhoi word for zebra and onomatope, which is said to resemble the quagga's call.

quagga was originally classified as individual species, Equus quagga, in 1788. Over the next fifty years or more, many other zebras described by naturalists and explorers. Due to the large variation in coat patterns (no two zebras are the same), taxonomists were left with a large number of described "species", and there is no easy way to find out which one is the right type, a subspecies, and the only natural variants. Long before the confusion was sorted out, the quagga was hunted to extinction for meat, hides, and to preserve feed for domesticated stock. The last wild quagga was probably shot in the late 1870s, and the last known specimen died in captivity on August 12, 1883 at the Artis Magistra zoo in Amsterdam.

Because of the confusion between different zebra species, particularly among the general public, the quagga had become extinct before it was realized that appear to be separate species. Quagga was the first extinct creature that its DNA studied. the latest genetic research at the Smithsonian Institution have shown that the quagga is not actually a separate species at all, but deviates from the plains zebra is very varied.

1. Tyrannosaurus Rex (extinct 65 million years ago)

Tyrannosaurus rex was one of the largest land carnivore of all time, measuring up to 43.3 feet long, and 16.6 ft tall, with an estimated mass of which lasted up to 7 tons. Like other tyrannosaurids, Tyrannosaurus is a bipedal carnivore with a large skull balanced by a long, heavy tail. Due to the large and powerful hindlimbs, Tyrannosaurus forelimbs were small and they retained only two digits.

Fossils of T. rex have been found in North American rock formations dating to the last three million years of the Cretaceous Period at the end of the Maastrichtian stage, approximately 68.5 to 65,500,000 years ago, but among the last dinosaurs to exist before the Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction event. More than 30 T. rex specimens have been identified, some of which are nearly complete skeleton. Some researchers have discovered soft tissue as well. The abundance of fossil material has allowed significant research in various aspects of biology, including life history and biomechanics

Continue reading →